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Coenzymes

Creative Enzymes is an innovative company that has developed new technologies to manufacture a series of coenzyme products. We are proud to provide products of utmost quality and the most reliable service to our customers. Creative Enzymes supplies various coenzymes which include nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), coenzyme A (CoA), thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), tetrahydrofolate, coenzyme B, biotin, and so on.

Definition of Coenzymes

A coenzyme is a small organic molecule, but not a peptide, that binds to an enzyme and whose presence is essential to the activity of the enzyme. It is considered to be an assistant molecule for biochemical reactions. Coenzymes provide a transfer site for a functioning enzyme in most cases. It often functions as an intermediate carrier of electrons, specific atoms, or functional groups, allowing a reaction to occur. Coenzymes are usually not a part of an enzyme's structure or the substrate of the reaction. The coenzyme may either be a prosthetic group— a tightly bound coenzyme—or a co-substrate, which is a loosely bound small organic molecule. An inactive enzyme without the cofactor is called an apoenzyme, while the complete enzyme with cofactor is called a holoenzyme.

Coenzymes, Cofactors, and Prosthetic Groups

Some textbooks regard all assistant molecules that bind to an enzyme as cofactors, while others divide these chemicals into three groups:

  • Coenzymes are small non-protein, organic molecules that bind to an enzyme. Many coenzymes are vitamins or derivatives of vitamins. While some other coenzymes are built around adenosine monophosphate (AMP).
  • Cofactors are small non-protein chemicals or metallic ions that can aid an enzyme function and increase the rate of the catalytic reaction. Cofactors can be subdivided intoin organic ions, complex organic molecules, and metallo-organic molecules which can also be called coenzymes. A cofactor that is tightly or even covalently bound to an enzyme is sometimes termed as a prosthetic group. Typical cofactors are considered to be the metal ions. Even some metallic elements have no nutritional value, several trace elements function as cofactors in multiple biochemical reactions, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper. However, some trace elements that play a part in nutrition do not appear to act as cofactors, including chromium, iodine, and calcium.
  • Prosthetic groups are organic partner molecules that bind tightly or covalently to the enzyme and participate in the catalytic cycles of enzymes, such as Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).

Overall, different sources give various definitions of coenzymes, cofactors, and prosthetic groups. Some consider the tightly bound organic molecules as prosthetic groups and not as coenzymes, while others define all non-protein organic molecules bind to enzymes as coenzymes and classify those that are tightly bound as coenzyme prosthetic groups. Therefore,it should be noted that these three terms are oftenexchangeableand used loosely.

As a reliable supplier, Creative Enzymes consistently provides the products of utmost quality and competitive cost performance. Our passion for superb and unique products is only exceeded by our excellent reputation in the marketplace. Creative Enzymes has earned the trust of countless customers and never stops pursuing the highest level of customers’ satisfaction.

Catalog Product Name EC No. CAS No. Source Price
CEFX-046 Vitamin B1 Inquiry
COEB-002 Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) 79-83-4 Inquiry
COEB-001 Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) 58-56-0 Inquiry
COEC-121 Adenosine 5'-monophosphate Disodium salt Inquiry
COEC-120 Adenosine 5'-diphosphate Disodium salt Inquiry
COEC-119 Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate Monosodium salt Inquiry
COEC-118 OAC-1 300586-90-7 Inquiry
COEC-117 PS 48 1180676-32-7 Inquiry
COEC-116 Sp-Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate triethylammonium salt 93602-66-5 Inquiry
COEC-115 GSK1016790A 942206-85-1 Inquiry
COEC-114 (±)-2-Amino-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene hydrobromide 13575-86-5 Inquiry
COEC-113 N6-Methyladenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt 81921-35-9 Inquiry
COEC-112 D-Glucosamine 6-sulfate 91674-26-9 Inquiry
COEC-111 Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate 18422-05-4 Inquiry
COEC-110 Cheirolin 505-34-0 Inquiry
COEC-109 α-Amyloid Precursor Protein Modulator 497259-23-1 Inquiry
COEC-108 Lipoprotein Lipase Activator 133208-93-2 Inquiry
COEC-107 Lactosyl Ceramide, Bovine 4682-48-8 Inquiry
COEC-106 Guanosine-3',5'-cyclic Monophosphate, 8-(2-Aminophenylthio)-Sodium Salt 144509-87-5 Inquiry
COEC-105 3-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine inner salt 195207-76-2 Inquiry
COEC-103 L-Ascorbic acid, cell culture 50-81-7 Inquiry
COEC-102 D-Carnitine 541-14-0 Inquiry
COEC-100 Acetyl Coenzyme A Trilithium Salt Trihydrate 75520-41-1 Inquiry
COEC-099 S-(5'-Adenosyl)-L-Methionine Iodide 3493-13-8 Inquiry
COEC-098 Vitamin K1 84-80-0 Inquiry
COEC-097 Ademetionine 29908-03-0 Inquiry
COEC-096 Creatine monohydrate 6020-87-7 Inquiry
COEC-095 Magnesium chloride 7786-30-3 Inquiry
COEC-094 6,7-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterine hydrochloride 945-43-7 Inquiry
COEC-093 Menaquinone 7 2124-57-4 Inquiry