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Core Site-directed Mutagenesis Services

Creative Enzymes provides Core Site-directed Mutagenesis (SDM) Services, offering precise and reliable introduction of targeted mutations in DNA sequences to modify enzyme properties. Our services are designed to accommodate both client-supplied templates and constructs synthesized by Creative Enzymes. By combining advanced mutagenesis methodologies with rigorous quality control, we enable researchers and industrial partners to investigate enzyme function, optimize catalytic activity, and generate novel biocatalysts. Our service portfolio ensures rapid, accurate, and reproducible results, forming the core of enzyme engineering workflows.

Background: Significance of Site-directed Mutagenesis

Site-directed mutagenesis is a cornerstone of protein engineering, allowing specific amino acid changes to probe structure–function relationships or enhance enzyme characteristics. Achieving reliable mutagenesis outcomes depends on high-quality templates, precise design, and rigorous validation of mutations. Errors in this stage can lead to wasted time, resources, and ambiguous results.

Creative Enzymes' core SDM services address these challenges by providing expert mutagenesis execution from both synthesized and client-supplied templates. Our team combines extensive experience, rational design strategies, and advanced laboratory techniques to deliver mutation-ready constructs suitable for downstream expression and characterization.

Step-by-step site-directed mutagenesis enzyme engineering services at Creative Enzymes

What We Offer

Creative Enzymes delivers comprehensive Core Site-directed Mutagenesis (SDM) Services designed to achieve precise and reproducible genetic modifications. Whether the objective is to enhance enzyme activity, alter substrate specificity, study catalytic mechanisms, or improve thermostability, our services provide a fully customizable and quality-assured platform for generating targeted mutations.

Service Mutagenesis from Creative Enzymes-Synthesized Templates
Site-directed mutagenesis using Creative Enzymes-synthesized templates
Mutagenesis from Customer-Provided Templates
Site-directed mutagenesis using customer-provided DNA templates
Service Applicability For clients who prefer a complete, turnkey solution, Creative Enzymes offers mutagenesis using internally synthesized, mutation-ready gene templates. These templates are designed and verified by our experts to ensure optimal performance and compatibility with mutagenesis workflows. For clients who already possess cloned DNA templates, Creative Enzymes offers professional mutagenesis execution using customer-supplied plasmids or PCR products. Our technical team carefully evaluates template integrity and compatibility before initiating mutation design and implementation.
Scope of Work Our service covers every step—from template synthesis and primer design to mutation introduction and verification—ensuring the construct is accurate, expression-ready, and fully validated. This option minimizes the risk of template errors and accelerates overall project timelines. We provide full customization, from primer design to mutation validation, ensuring the same level of accuracy and reliability as our in-house templates. This option allows flexibility and cost-effectiveness while maintaining our commitment to precision.
Key Features
  • Codon-optimized, sequence-verified templates designed for high expression in the target host (E. coli, yeast, insect, or mammalian systems).
  • High-fidelity mutagenesis using advanced polymerases and error-free cloning techniques.
  • Flexible mutation formats: single-site, multi-site, and saturation mutagenesis.
  • Full post-mutation sequencing confirmation and data reporting.
  • Compatible with downstream cloning, expression, and characterization services.
  • Acceptance of client-supplied plasmids or linear DNA templates after quality verification.
  • Professional primer design optimized for efficiency and specificity.
  • Support for multiple mutation strategies: single-nucleotide changes, insertions, deletions, or combinatorial mutagenesis.
  • Sequencing-based verification and integrity analysis of all final constructs.
  • Optional re-cloning into alternative expression vectors if required for downstream studies.
Advantages This service is ideal for clients seeking maximum accuracy, speed, and convenience, particularly in large-scale or high-complexity enzyme engineering programs. This service is particularly suited for clients with existing cloning vectors or proprietary constructs who require expert, high-accuracy mutation introduction without additional synthesis steps.

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Service Workflow

Workflow diagram of core site-directed mutagenesis

Supported Mutation Types and Applications

Our SDM platform supports a full spectrum of mutation strategies and experimental goals, including:

  • Single-Site Mutagenesis: Substitution of specific residues to assess function or catalytic significance
  • Multi-Site Mutagenesis: Introduction of several mutations simultaneously to study synergistic effects or cumulative changes
  • Saturation Mutagenesis: Systematic replacement of residues to explore sequence-function landscapes
  • Insertion/Deletion Mutagenesis: For modifying loops, linkers, or structural motifs in enzymes
  • Combinatorial Mutagenesis: Creation of variant libraries for directed evolution or screening studies

Applications include:

  • Enzyme activity and specificity optimization
  • Protein stability and solubility enhancement
  • Mechanistic studies and structure–function analysis
  • Development of industrial or therapeutic biocatalysts

Contact Our Team

Why Partner With Creative Enzymes

High Precision and Fidelity

Our protocols ensure accurate mutation incorporation, minimizing off-target effects.

Flexible Template Options

Support for both synthesized and client-provided templates to suit diverse project needs.

Comprehensive Quality Control

Each construct undergoes sequencing or analytical verification to confirm mutation success.

Broad Mutation Types

Capable of single-site, multi-site, and combinatorial mutagenesis for complex enzyme engineering.

Fast Turnaround

Optimized workflows allow for timely delivery without sacrificing quality.

Expert Guidance

Dedicated specialists provide design consultation and technical support throughout the project lifecycle.

Case Studies and Real-World Applications

Case 1: Engineering Thermostable Tannase Variants via PROSS-Guided Mutation Stacking

This study applied Protein Repair One Stop Shop (PROSS) to predict stability-enhancing mutations for a flapless tannase (FLT) variant of Lactobacillus plantarum tannase (LpTan). Using four structural-state models (apo, substrate-bound, product-bound, and FLT), PROSS identified 143 potential mutations, eight of which (Q63T, A65D, A184Y, A257D, V276Y, T321G, G421D, G439D) were selected for combinatorial stacking. Screening a 256-member mutant library revealed several stabilized variants. The top performers—P6H7 and P8E5—showed Tm increases of 4.5°C and 6.5°C and kcat enhancements up to 30% over wild type. These results highlight PROSS-based stacking as an effective strategy for engineering thermostable tannases.

PROSS-predicted stabilizing mutations for Lactobacillus plantarum tannase (LpTan)Figure 1. FLT structure model highlighting the eight selected PROSS generated mutations. The FLT model structure was created using AlphaFold and imaged using PyMol. In cyan shows the conserved α/β hydrolase domain, while in green is the cap domain. The active site residues are shown in orange. PROSS was used for mutation prediction. (Chevannes et al., 2025)

Case 2: Structure-Oriented Mutagenesis Enhances Activity and Stability of BlTDH

This study improved Bacillus licheniformis L-threonine dehydrogenase (BlTDH), a key enzyme in pyrazine biosynthesis, through structure-guided site-directed mutagenesis. Five conserved residues (T94, H95, N157, T293, G294) were substituted with alanine based on molecular docking and 3D modeling. Among the mutants, N157A, T94A, and T293A exhibited higher catalytic activity, with N157A showing the greatest improvement—2.1-fold higher activity, as well as enhanced thermal stability and pH adaptability. Structural analysis indicated that the N157A mutation enlarged the substrate pocket and reduced steric hindrance, facilitating catalysis. These findings demonstrate how rational design can yield more efficient, robust TDH variants for industrial food additive production.

Selected mutation sites for Bacillus licheniformis L-threonine dehydrogenase (BlTDH)Figure 2. Three-dimensional structure model of BlTDH and substrate docking analysis. (A) 3D structure model of BlTDH. (B) Laplace conformation diagram. (C) Molecular docking 3D diagram. (D) Molecular docking 2D interaction diagram. (Liu et al., 2025)

FAQs About Site-directed Mutagenesis

  • Q: Can you handle multiple mutations in one construct?

    A: Yes. We routinely perform single-site, multi-site, and combinatorial mutagenesis with high precision. Whether you require a few targeted substitutions or complex variant libraries, our protocols ensure high accuracy and reproducibility.
  • Q: What types of DNA templates are accepted for mutagenesis?

    A: We accept both Creative Enzymes-synthesized templates and high-quality client-supplied plasmids or PCR products. All incoming templates are validated for integrity, purity, and sequence quality before mutagenesis begins.
  • Q: How is mutation success verified?

    A: Every construct undergoes post-mutagenesis verification through Sanger sequencing or restriction digestion analysis. Sequencing chromatograms and alignment data are provided in the final report for complete traceability.
  • Q: How long does mutagenesis take?

    A: Typical turnaround time ranges from 1–3 weeks, depending on the complexity of the mutation, number of variants, and vector type. Expedited services are available for urgent projects.
  • Q: Can you assist with mutation design and primer selection?

    A: Absolutely. Our technical team provides expert consultation on mutation site selection, primer design, and strategy development to maximize efficiency and ensure experimental success.
  • Q: Do you guarantee sequence accuracy and construct integrity?

    A: Yes. All final constructs are fully verified to confirm that the desired mutation is correctly introduced and that no off-target or background mutations are present.
  • Q: What mutation types can you introduce?

    A: We support a broad range of mutation types, including point mutations, insertions, deletions, and saturation mutagenesis. Complex combinatorial projects are also accommodated upon request.
  • Q: What are the requirements for customer-supplied templates?

    A: Templates should be provided in sufficient quantity and purity (A260/A280 ratio of 1.8–2.0). We recommend submitting plasmid maps and sequence files to facilitate accurate primer and design planning.
  • Q: How are project results delivered?

    A: Clients receive purified plasmid DNA, sequencing reports, annotated vector maps, and QC documentation. Optional glycerol stocks or lyophilized DNA can be provided for storage or further applications.
  • Q: Is my project information kept confidential?

    A: Yes. All client data, sequences, and results are handled under strict confidentiality. We operate under standard non-disclosure agreements, and clients retain full ownership of their intellectual property.

References:

  1. Chevannes TD, St-Jacques AD, Loewen ME, Loewen MC. A combinatorial multi-site directed mutagenesis solution for improved thermal stability of Lactobacillus plantarum tannase. Biochem Cell Biol. 2025;103:1-11. doi:10.1139/bcb-2025-0134
  2. Liu X, Gu H, Li H, Chen S, Tang Z, Quan W. Improving enzymatic properties of BlTDH from Bacillus licheniformis through site-directed mutagenesis. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences. 2025;11:100272. doi:10.1016/j.fochms.2025.100272

For research and industrial use only. Not intended for personal medicinal use. Certain food-grade products are suitable for formulation development in food and related applications.

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For research and industrial use only. Not intended for personal medicinal use. Certain food-grade products are suitable for formulation development in food and related applications.