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Virtual Screening of Enzyme Inhibitors

Virtual screening (VS) has emerged as a cornerstone of modern drug discovery, offering a cost-effective and rapid strategy for identifying promising enzyme inhibitors from large chemical libraries. At Creative Enzymes, we combine decades of expertise in enzymology with state-of-the-art computational tools to provide robust, reliable, and customized virtual screening services. Our workflow integrates structural insights, high-performance computational algorithms, and experimental validation, ensuring that identified candidates are not only theoretically promising but also biologically relevant. With carefully calibrated methods and extensive experience, we support clients in accelerating inhibitor discovery while minimizing costs and risks.

Background on Inhibitor Virtual Screening

Enzyme inhibitors play a central role in therapeutic development, biotechnology, and industrial applications. However, traditional experimental screening of vast chemical libraries is time-consuming, costly, and resource-intensive. Virtual screening provides an innovative alternative by computationally evaluating thousands to millions of compounds against target enzymes to identify high-probability binders. VS operates on the fundamental principle that enzyme inhibition requires specific molecular complementarity between the inhibitor and the enzyme's active site or allosteric regions.

Flow chart illustrating the virtual screening process for enzyme inhibitorsFigure 1. Flow chart of virtual screening.

Methodological Frameworks

Structure-based virtual screening of enzyme inhibitors (adapted from Song et al., 2021) Structure-Based Virtual Screening (SBVS)
  • Utilizes 3D structures of target enzymes from X-ray crystallography, NMR, or homology modeling
  • Employs molecular docking algorithms (e.g., AutoDock, Glide, GOLD) to predict binding poses
  • Applies scoring functions to estimate binding affinity and rank compounds
  • Can identify novel chemotypes through scaffold hopping
Ligand-based virtual screening of enzyme inhibitors (adapted from Song et al., 2021) Ligand-Based Virtual Screening (LBVS)
  • Used when enzyme structure is unavailable but known active compounds exist
  • Employs molecular similarity searching, pharmacophore mapping, or machine learning models
  • Requires carefully curated training sets of active/inactive compounds
  • Particularly valuable for targets with limited structural information

Despite its advantages, inhibitor virtual screening requires specialized expertise. Unlike regular protein assays, inhibitor studies demand rigorous calibration, careful consideration of structural biology, and comprehensive validation. Creative Enzymes has established itself as a trusted partner in this domain, combining its long-standing enzymology expertise with cutting-edge computational methods to deliver reliable and impactful results.

Our Comprehensive Service Offerings

Our Virtual Screening of Enzyme Inhibitors Service is designed to identify, rank, and optimize inhibitor candidates with high accuracy. We offer both ready-to-use pre-built libraries and customized libraries that can be tailored for specific structural frames, activity categories, or target enzymes.

Comprehensive virtual screening services for enzyme inhibitor discovery

Services Features Price
Technical Consultation & Evaluation Defining research goals, target selection, and suitable screening strategies. Get a quote
Inhibitor Library Construction Access to extensive pre-built databases or design of tailored libraries for more targeted screening.
Virtual Screening & Candidate Ranking Advanced algorithms applied to filter large libraries and identify top-ranking potential inhibitors.
Follow-up Studies
  • Activity validation
  • Directional evolution
  • Structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis
  • Molecular mechanism

By combining computational power with enzymology expertise, Creative Enzymes provides services that accelerate discovery while ensuring precision and reproducibility.

Virtual Screening Workflow

Workflow of virtual screening for enzyme inhibitor identification

Contact Our Team

Why Choose Creative Enzymes

Decades of Enzymology Expertise

Extensive experience in enzyme assays, inhibitor studies, and enzymatic mechanisms.

Comprehensive Screening Platforms

Integration of computational screening with experimental validation for complete discovery solutions.

Customizable Libraries

Access to pre-built compound libraries or bespoke design for precise target coverage.

Rigorous Calibration

Reliable results ensured by reference enzymes, substrates, and reproducible workflows.

Multidisciplinary Applications

Solutions supporting pharmaceuticals, food technology, agriculture, and chemical processing.

Proven Track Record

Recognized by global clients for accuracy, reliability, and high-quality deliverables.

Case Studies and Real-World Applications

Case 1: Discovery of Novel Natural ACE Inhibitors

Given the critical role of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetic nephropathy, a ligand-based virtual screening approach was employed to identify novel ACE inhibitors. Using molecular docking and a rigorously validated model, a natural compound database was screened, and 36 candidates were selected for in vitro ACE inhibitory assays. Fluorescence-based testing revealed three promising compounds—Licochalcone A, Echinatin, and EGCG—as strong inhibitor candidates. These findings highlight their potential as a new class of ACE inhibitors, with further optimization through fragment modifications and computational design offering opportunities for improved clinical drug development.

Virtual screening discovery of a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorFigure 2. Sereo representations of interaction for ACE with Lisinopril and Captopril (PDB code 1O86). Lisinopril is shown in yellow, and Captopril in purple. The docking conformation of Lisinopril (RMSD = 0.874, Gscore = -12.086) and Captopril (RMSD = 0.614, Gscore = -5.881) are shown in cyan and gray, respectively. (Ke et al., 2017)

Case 2: Identification of Novel MtInhA Inhibitors for Tuberculosis Therapy

Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA (MtInhA) is a validated drug target for tuberculosis treatment. In this study, two complementary virtual-ligand-screening approaches were applied using ligands from the ZINC database. A 3D pharmacophore model, derived from 36 MtInhA crystal structures, identified molecules fitting key binding features, while four docking programs compared binding modes and scores. Six ligands were prioritized for in vitro assays, with three showing inhibitory activity (IC50: 24–83 μM). The most potent compound displayed uncompetitive inhibition against NADH and 2-trans-dodecenoyl-CoA (Ki: ~20–24 μM). These novel inhibitors, not previously described as antitubercular agents, represent promising leads for further optimization.

Virtual screening and 3D-pharmacophore approach to discover Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA inhibitorsFigure 3. InhA-ligand interaction analyses for approach 1: construction of the pharmacophore model, in which a pharmacophore model was used to search new potential inhibitor molecule ZINC12759934. (Pauli et al., 2013)

FAQs About Our Inhibitor Virtual Screening Services

  • Q: What is virtual screening?

    A: Virtual screening is a computational method for searching large chemical libraries to identify compounds that are likely to bind to target enzymes. It enables rapid, cost-effective discovery of potential inhibitors by narrowing down candidate pools before experimental testing.
  • Q: How accurate is your virtual screening approach?

    A: Our workflow integrates multiple algorithms and consensus ranking strategies, and results are validated with reference enzymes and substrates. This ensures a high degree of reliability and reduces false positives.
  • Q: Can you work with enzymes that lack detailed structural data?

    A: Yes. When structural data is unavailable, we apply ligand-based approaches that rely on properties of known inhibitors. This enables successful screening even with limited information.
  • Q: What types of compound libraries can be screened?

    A: We offer access to extensive pre-built libraries and can also design customized libraries based on structural frameworks, activity categories, or specific client needs.
  • Q: How do you validate the virtual screening results?

    A: Top-ranked hits undergo experimental validation through enzymatic assays, ensuring that computational predictions translate into measurable biological activity.
  • Q: How can virtual screening shorten my discovery timeline?

    A: By filtering large chemical libraries computationally, virtual screening eliminates low-probability candidates early, allowing resources to focus on high-potential compounds. This significantly reduces the time and cost of downstream development.
  • Q: Are your reports suitable for regulatory submission or publication?

    A: Yes. We provide detailed reports including methodology, results, SAR insights, and recommendations, formatted to meet scientific and regulatory standards.

References:

  1. Ke Z, Su Z, Zhang X, et al. Discovery of a potent angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor via virtual screening. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 2017;27(16):3688-3692. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.016
  2. Pauli I, Dos Santos RN, Rostirolla DC, et al. Discovery of new inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA enzyme using virtual screening and a 3D-pharmacophore-based approach. J Chem Inf Model. 2013;53(9):2390-2401. doi:10.1021/ci400202t
  3. Song YQ, Wu C, Wu KJ, et al. Ubiquitination regulators discovered by virtual screening for the treatment of cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:665646. doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.665646

For research and industrial use only, not for personal medicinal use.

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For research and industrial use only, not for personal medicinal use.