3D structures of enzymes are precious sources of knowledge for understanding of the enzymatic functions at a molecular level. Studies of 3D structure provide information on various aspects, such as protein classification, function prediction, interactions with other compounds, enzymatic mechanisms, structure-based drug development, posttranslational modifications, etc. Through the determination of 3D structures, scientists solve various biochemical challenges by verifying biological structures or elucidating the biological structures of unknowns.

Creative Enzymes relies on its extensive industry experience, expertise and technology platform to provide comprehensive enzyme structure determination services. Our 3D structure determination of enzymes has been instrumental in helping researchers understand the important functions and mechanisms of enzyme molecules and has led to breakthroughs in the advancement of enzyme structure research.

Analytical Techniques for 3D Structure Determination

A 3D structure is usually presented by the three-dimensional positional coordinates of a molecule or biomolecule, which are determined through an appropriate approach. Various experimental analysis methods have been developed, such as X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy. Among them, X-ray crystallography is the most commonly used strategy that determined around 90% of the protein structures available in the Protein Data Bank. NMR is an alternative analysis strategy when crystals are hard to collect for X-ray crystallography. It is a suitable tool to study relatively small proteins or isolated domains. To determine larger protein complexes, cryo-electron microscopy is usually applied. These technologies could also be combined as hybrid approaches for greater insight. On the other hand, protein structures databases and computational tools are good supplements, especially for structure and function prediction when similar structures are available.

What do we Offer for 3D Structure Determination?

Creative Enzymes offers high-quality structure determination services for a better understanding of functions and mechanisms of enzymes. With updated experimental instruments and computational tools, we design advanced individual and hybrid approaches to provide the best results. We offer professional one-stop services to meet all your requirements:

• X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
• Hybrid analysis platform.
• Computer-assisted structure verification and elucidation.

Figure 1 Summary of complementarity of NMR and SAXS for structure determination/characterization.
(Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2017)

The Significance of Determining the 3D Structure of Enzymes

• Resolving the Catalytic Mechanism. Resolving the catalytic mechanism. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in living things, and they interact intimately with particular 3D structures to carry out their unique functions. We may understand the catalytic mechanism of enzymes, including the interaction between substrate and enzyme, the generation of transition states, and the specific steps of the reaction pathway, by determining the 3Dl structure of enzymes. This provides great support for medication design and commercial production by revealing the minute intricacies of crucial metabolic processes in organisms.
• Drug Design and Disease Treatment. Important information for medication design is provided by the 3D structure of enzymes. Scientists can logically design pharmacological compounds that interfere with or increase enzyme activity by understanding how enzymes attach to inhibitors or substrates. This is crucial for the creation of novel medications and the management of particular illnesses like cancer and infectious disorders.
• Enzyme Engineering. An enzyme's catalytic activity, substrate selectivity, and stability can all be altered to tailor the creation of particular chemical compounds. For industries like manufacturing and the generation of biofuels, this has enormous potential.
• Understanding Protein Function. Proteins include enzymes, and figuring out their three-dimensional structure aids in better understanding how protein structure and function relate to one another, which is important for both biological research and medical applications.

Our Service Advantages

Creative Enzymes is dedicated to enzyme research and we offer comprehensive solutions for enzyme structure determination. If you are interested in us, please feel free to contact us.